Asthma is one of the most prevalent chronic diseases in childhood, contributing substantially to global morbidity. Comorbidities are common and may complicate management, impair asthma control, and increase the disease burden. While allergic, metabolic, and psychological conditions are well recognized, neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) have recently emerged as comorbidities of particular concern. To review current evidence on the association between childhood asthma and NDDs, with emphasis on attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD). A narrative synthesis of the literature was undertaken, focusing on epidemiological studies, proposed biological mechanisms, and clinical implications of co-occurring asthma and NDDs. Children with asthma show consistently higher prevalence rates of ADHD and ASD compared with the general pediatric population. Reported associations are supported by large-scale epidemiologic studies across diverse populations. Potential mechanisms include shared genetic susceptibility, immune dysregulation, systemic inflammation, and early-life environmental exposures. Neurodevelopmental comorbidities may adversely affect asthma outcomes by reducing treatment adherence, impairing symptom perception, and increasing psychosocial burden. Conversely, recurrent respiratory symptoms and chronic inflammation may contribute to neurodevelopmental vulnerability. The coexistence of asthma and NDDs represents a clinically significant and bidirectional relationship. Recognition of these comorbidities is essential for comprehensive care, as they influence both disease management and long-term outcomes. Multidisciplinary approaches integrating pediatric pulmonology, allergy, and neurodevelopmental care are needed. Further research is warranted to clarify causal pathways and develop targeted interventions that address the dual burden of asthma and NDs in children.