Objective: We aimed to investigate hypersensitivity reactions in patients who underwent the metronidazole oral provocation test in the tertiary immunology and allergy clinic.

Materials and Methods: This retrospective study included patients who had a history of antibiotic hypersensitivity reactions to antibiotics other than metronidazole and underwent the metronidazole oral provocation test at an immunology and allergy clinic in a tertiary hospital between January 1, 2017 and December 31, 2023. Hypersensitivity reactions that developed during the metronidazole oral provocation test were recorded.

Results: A total of 82 patients were included in the study with 63 (76.83%) being female. The mean age of the patients was 50.14±12.47 years. A history of antibiotic hypersensitivity reactions to beta-lactams was present in 59 (71.95%) patients. During the metronidazole oral provocation test, immediate hypersensitivity reactions developed in 2 (2.43%) patients and delayed hypersensitivity reaction developed in 1 (1.21%) patient.

Conclusion: The rate of metronidazole drug hypersensitivity confirmed by the drug provocation test was found to be 3.65% in subjects with a history of hypersensitivity reactions to antibiotics other than metronidazole. Patients with a history of hypersensitivity reactions to antibiotics other than metronidazole generally tolerated metronidazole well.